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What a urologist does

A urologist is a surgeon who treats diseases of the urinary tract in men and women, and of the male reproductive system. After MBBS and an MS in General Surgery, training is an MCh or DNB in Urology. Urologists treat kidney stones, prostate problems, urinary infections, bladder disorders, male infertility and urological cancers, using medicines and minimally invasive surgery.

Common reasons to see a urologist

• Severe flank or loin pain radiating to the groin — a possible kidney stone.
• Burning urine, frequent urination or recurrent infections.
• Blood in urine, which should always be evaluated.
• Weak stream, frequent night urination or incomplete emptying in men — often enlarged prostate.
• Leakage of urine or urgency.
• Erectile problems, low sperm count or testicular pain or swelling.
• Raised PSA.

Conditions treated

Kidney and ureteric stones, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostate cancer, bladder and kidney cancer, urinary tract infections, urethral strictures, incontinence, hydronephrosis, undescended testes, phimosis, varicocele, and male infertility.

Tests

Typical investigations are urine routine and culture, creatinine, PSA and free PSA, uric acid, an ultrasound of the kidneys and bladder, a CT scan for stones, uroflowmetry, and cystoscopy where needed. Many stones under 5 mm pass with fluids and medicines; larger stones may need lithotripsy (ESWL), ureteroscopy (RIRS) or PCNL. BPH may be treated with tablets or procedures such as TURP or laser surgery.

Fees

Urologist consultation fees commonly range from about ₹600 to ₹1,800 and may vary. Procedure costs vary by technique, hospital and city; request an estimate.

Tips and choosing

Drink 2.5–3 litres of water a day, limit salt, treat infections fully and do not ignore blood in urine. Check MCh/DNB Urology qualification, experience in the procedure you need and hospital facilities. Compare urologists and book on Lab Dekho.

Trusted References

This guide is original content informed by recognised medical and public-health sources. For further reading:

• NABH – hospital accreditation standards
• NABL – laboratory accreditation
• Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY
• Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
• Mayo Clinic – Patient care & health information
• Cleveland Clinic – Health Library
• WebMD – Health A–Z

Disclaimer: This guide is for general information and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Costs and fees are approximate and vary by provider. Institution names are given for orientation only; check current services and timings directly. In an emergency, call 108 or 112.