What a dermatologist treats
A dermatologist is a doctor trained in diseases of the skin, hair and nails. The usual route is MBBS followed by an MD or DNB in Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy (DVL). Skin problems are among the most common reasons for a doctor's visit in India, where heat, humidity, pollution, sweating and crowded living favour fungal and bacterial infections, and where acne, pigmentation and hair loss affect many young adults.
Dermatologists treat conditions ranging from acne, eczema and psoriasis to fungal infections, scabies, warts, vitiligo, urticaria (hives) and skin allergies. They also manage hair loss, dandruff, nail disease, and some sexually transmitted infections, and perform procedures such as biopsies, chemical peels, laser treatments and minor surgery.
Common skin concerns in India
- Fungal infections (ringworm or "dad"): itchy, ring-shaped patches in the groin, underarms and body folds, very common in the monsoon and often recurring when steroid creams are misused.
- Acne and acne scars, from adolescence into the thirties.
- Hair fall, which may relate to stress, nutritional deficiency, thyroid disease, PCOS or genetic hair loss.
- Pigmentation, melasma and tanning, intensified by sun exposure.
- Eczema and allergies, including contact dermatitis from cosmetics, metals or hair dye.
- Vitiligo, psoriasis and scabies, which need diagnosis and a full course of treatment.
When to see a dermatologist
See a specialist when a skin problem lasts more than two to three weeks, keeps coming back, spreads, becomes painful or infected, affects sleep or confidence, or when over-the-counter creams do not help. A mole that changes in size, colour or shape, or a sore that does not heal, should be examined promptly to rule out skin cancer. Avoid using steroid-containing "fairness" or anti-fungal combination creams without advice, because they can thin the skin and make fungal infection worse.
Tests and treatments
Many conditions are diagnosed by examination alone. Your doctor may do a skin scraping (KOH test) for fungus, a patch test for allergy, a dermoscopy, or a biopsy. Blood tests such as CBC, thyroid profile, vitamin D, B12 and ferritin are often advised for hair fall and chronic itching. Treatments include creams, tablets, light therapy, chemical peels, lasers and, in some conditions, injections or biologics.
What does a consultation cost?
Dermatologist consultation fees commonly range from about ₹500 to ₹1,500 and may vary by city and clinic. Cosmetic procedures such as lasers and peels are priced separately and vary widely; ask for a written estimate and the number of sessions expected.
How to choose a skin specialist
- Choose a qualified dermatologist (MD/DNB in Dermatology) rather than a clinic offering only cosmetic packages.
- Check experience with your concern, such as hair, pigmentation or paediatric skin.
- Be cautious of promises of a "guaranteed cure" or instant results.
- Ask about the plan, expected duration and what to do if there is no improvement.
Everyday skin care tips
Bathe daily, dry body folds well, wear loose cotton clothes in humid weather, avoid sharing towels and razors, use sunscreen of SPF 30 or higher on exposed skin, moisturise dry skin and finish every prescribed course. Online consultation works well for acne, hair fall and follow-ups, and Lab Dekho lets you compare dermatologists and book in clinic or by video.
Trusted References
This guide is original content informed by recognised medical and public-health sources. For further reading:
Disclaimer: This guide is for general information and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Costs and fees are approximate and vary by provider. Institution names are given for orientation only; check current services and timings directly. In an emergency, call 108 or 112.