Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a condition in which bones become weak and brittle due to a loss of bone density and deterioration of bone tissue, making them significantly more susceptible to fractures even from minor falls or, in severe cases, everyday activities. Bone is a living tissue that is constantly being broken down and rebuilt throughout life, and osteoporosis develops when the rate of bone breakdown outpaces the rate of new bone formation, a shift that becomes more common with advancing age, particularly after menopause in women due to declining oestrogen levels. The condition is often called a silent disease because bone loss occurs gradually and painlessly over years, with many people unaware they have osteoporosis until a fracture occurs. Fractures related to osteoporosis, particularly of the hip and spine, can significantly impact mobility, independence, and quality of life, especially in older adults. Bone density testing allows earlier identification of at-risk individuals, and a combination of lifestyle measures and medication can meaningfully reduce fracture risk.

The most common symptoms include: Often asymptomatic until a fracture occurs; back pain from a collapsed or fractured vertebra; gradual loss of height over time; a stooped posture. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Osteoporosis is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Treatment includes medications such as bisphosphonates that slow bone breakdown; alongside adequate calcium and vitamin D supplementation to support bone health. Weight-bearing exercise helps maintain bone density and improve balance to reduce fall risk; an important consideration given the fracture risk in osteoporosis. For more severe cases. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Endocrinology & Diabetology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Osteoporosis cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Ensuring adequate calcium and vitamin D intake throughout life; engaging in regular weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercise; avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.

Consult a Endocrinology & Diabetology specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.