Coronary Artery Disease

📖What is Coronary Artery Disease?

Coronary artery disease is a condition in which the arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle become narrowed or blocked due to the buildup of fatty plaques, a process known as atherosclerosis. This gradual narrowing reduces blood flow and oxygen delivery to the heart, which can cause chest pain during exertion and, if a plaque ruptures and forms a clot, a sudden heart attack. It is one of the leading causes of death worldwide and is increasingly common in India, where it tends to affect people at younger ages compared to Western populations. The disease often develops silently over years or decades before producing noticeable symptoms, making risk factor screening and management critical for prevention. Diagnosis typically involves ECG, stress testing, and imaging studies such as coronary angiography, with treatment ranging from lifestyle changes to medication and revascularisation procedures.

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