Bronchitis

Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes that carry air to and from the lungs, causing them to swell and produce excess mucus that triggers coughing and breathing difficulty. Acute bronchitis is most often caused by the same viruses responsible for the common cold and flu, typically resolving within a few weeks as the airway inflammation subsides. Chronic bronchitis, by contrast, is a long-term condition defined by a persistent productive cough lasting at least three months over two consecutive years, and is considered a form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease usually linked to smoking or prolonged irritant exposure. The distinction between acute and chronic bronchitis is clinically important, as their causes, expected course, and management differ significantly. Most cases of acute bronchitis are self-limiting and managed with supportive care rather than antibiotics.

The most common symptoms include: Persistent cough with clear; yellow; or greenish mucus; chest discomfort or soreness. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

Yes, Bronchitis is contagious. It can spread from person to person. Practice good hygiene, avoid close contact with infected individuals, and follow isolation guidelines if advised by a doctor.

Treatment options include: Acute bronchitis is managed with rest; fluids; and symptomatic relief using cough suppressants. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Pulmonology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Bronchitis cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Avoiding smoking and secondhand smoke; practising good hand hygiene to reduce viral spread; avoiding exposure to air pollution and occupational irritants.

Consult a Pulmonology specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.