Headache

Headache is pain or discomfort felt anywhere in the head, scalp, or upper neck, ranging from a mild, dull ache to intense, throbbing pain that can be disabling. It may be localized to one area, such as one side of the head, or felt more diffusely across the entire head. Headaches can occur occasionally or become a recurring, chronic problem depending on the underlying cause. The most common causes include: Tension headache; migraine; sinusitis; dehydration.

Headache becomes an emergency when it is unusually severe, sudden in onset, accompanied by other serious symptoms (chest pain, difficulty breathing, fainting), or occurs in vulnerable individuals such as infants, the elderly, or people with serious chronic conditions.

Diagnosis of Headache begins with a detailed medical history and physical examination of the head. Your doctor may order blood tests, urine analysis, imaging studies (X-ray, ultrasound, MRI), or refer you to a specialist depending on suspected causes. Early diagnosis leads to faster, more effective treatment.

Mild cases of Headache can often be managed with self-care: Rest in a quiet; dark room; apply a cold or warm compress. However, if symptoms are severe, persistent, or worsening, always seek medical attention rather than relying solely on home remedies.

Headache is typically classified as acute. Acute forms usually resolve within a few days to weeks with appropriate care. Chronic or recurrent headache may persist for months and requires longer-term management by a healthcare professional.

You should see a doctor if: Seek emergency care for a sudden; severe 'thunderclap' headache unlike any before; or a headache with fever. Early evaluation by a healthcare professional ensures an accurate diagnosis and prevents complications.