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What a venereologist does

A venereologist is a doctor who diagnoses and treats sexually transmitted infections (STIs). In India, venereology is part of the specialty of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy (DVL), and sexual health care is also provided by gynaecologists, urologists and physicians. STIs are common, often have no symptoms, and are easily treated or manageable when found early. Care is confidential and non-judgemental.

When to get tested

• After unprotected sex or a new partner, or if a partner has an STI.
• Genital sores, ulcers, warts, rash, itching or discharge.
• Burning urine, pelvic or testicular pain.
• Before pregnancy, and as part of antenatal care.
• Routine screening if you have multiple partners.

Common STIs

Chlamydia, gonorrhoea, syphilis, genital herpes, HPV and genital warts, trichomoniasis, hepatitis B and C and HIV. Many can be present without symptoms, and untreated infections can cause infertility, pregnancy complications and long-term harm.

Tests

Depending on risk, doctors advise HIV, VDRL/RPR for syphilis, hepatitis B and C tests, swabs or urine tests for chlamydia and gonorrhoea, and examination for herpes and warts. Some infections have a window period, so a negative test soon after exposure may need repeating. Confidential counselling is offered with testing, and government ICTC and STI clinics provide free testing and treatment.

Treatment and prevention

Bacterial STIs (such as syphilis, chlamydia and gonorrhoea) are cured with antibiotics; viral infections such as herpes and HIV are controlled with antiviral medicines. Complete the full course, avoid sex until treated, and treat partners. Prevention includes condoms, vaccination against hepatitis B and HPV, regular testing and PrEP for those at high risk of HIV.

Fees and choosing

Consultation fees commonly range from about ₹400 to ₹1,500 and may vary. Choose a qualified doctor, avoid unlicensed "sex clinics", and expect privacy. Compare doctors and book on Lab Dekho.

Trusted References

This guide is original content informed by recognised medical and public-health sources. For further reading:

• NABH – hospital accreditation standards
• NABL – laboratory accreditation
• Ayushman Bharat PM-JAY
• Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
• Mayo Clinic – Patient care & health information
• Cleveland Clinic – Health Library
• WebMD – Health A–Z

Disclaimer: This guide is for general information and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Costs and fees are approximate and vary by provider. Institution names are given for orientation only; check current services and timings directly. In an emergency, call 108 or 112.