What an endocrinologist does
An endocrinologist treats disorders of the hormone system: the thyroid, pancreas, adrenal and pituitary glands, parathyroids, ovaries and testes. Training is an MD in Medicine followed by a DM or DNB in Endocrinology. A diabetologist focuses on diabetes and many doctors cover both. India has one of the largest numbers of people with diabetes in the world, along with a high burden of thyroid disease and PCOS, so these specialists are in great demand.
When to see a hormone specialist
- Diabetes or prediabetes, or sugar levels that are hard to control.
- Thyroid problems: weight change, fatigue, palpitations, a swelling in the neck or abnormal thyroid tests.
- PCOS, irregular periods, excess hair growth or difficulty conceiving.
- Short stature, or early or delayed puberty in a child.
- Osteoporosis, vitamin D deficiency or calcium and parathyroid problems.
- Low testosterone, adrenal disease or pituitary tumours.
Diabetes care in practice
Good diabetes care combines nutrition, activity, medicines or insulin and regular monitoring. Typical checks include HbA1c every three to six months, yearly eye (retina) examination, kidney tests with urine albumin, foot examination, blood pressure and cholesterol. Targets are individual, and newer tools such as continuous glucose monitors and insulin pumps help selected patients.
Tests
Typical tests are HbA1c, fasting and post-meal sugar, TSH, free T3 and free T4, anti-TPO, vitamin D, cortisol, prolactin, testosterone, AMH, FSH and LH. Hormone tests are often timed to the menstrual cycle or morning hours, so follow the lab's instructions.
Thyroid and PCOS
Hypothyroidism is treated with daily levothyroxine on an empty stomach, with periodic TSH checks. PCOS is managed with lifestyle change, and medicines for periods, hair growth or fertility when needed, along with attention to blood sugar and cholesterol.
Fees and choosing
Consultation fees commonly range from about ₹600 to ₹2,000 and may vary. Choose a DM/DNB Endocrinology or experienced diabetologist who explains targets clearly. Online follow-up works well for sugar reviews and thyroid dose changes. Compare specialists and book on Lab Dekho.
Trusted References
This guide is original content informed by recognised medical and public-health sources. For further reading:
Disclaimer: This guide is for general information and does not replace advice from a qualified doctor. Costs and fees are approximate and vary by provider. Institution names are given for orientation only; check current services and timings directly. In an emergency, call 108 or 112.