Bronchiolitis Specialists in Writers Building, Kolkata, West Bengal

What is Bronchiolitis?

Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory infection in infants and young children that causes inflammation and congestion in the smallest airways of the lungs, known as bronchioles, most often caused by respiratory syncytial virus. It typically begins with mild cold-like symptoms that progress over a few days to more pronounced breathing difficulty, wheezing, and rapid breathing as the swollen airways make it harder for air to move in and out of the lungs. While most cases are mild and resolve with supportive home care, infants under six months and those with underlying health conditions are at higher risk of more severe illness requiring hospitalization.

Causes of Bronchiolitis

Most commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus, though other viruses such as rhinovirus, influenza, and human metapneumovirus can also cause bronchiolitis. It spreads through respiratory droplets and contact with contaminated surfaces, and is particularly common during fall and winter months. Risk factors for severe illness include prematurity, young age under three months, underlying heart or lung conditions, and exposure to secondhand smoke.

Symptoms of Bronchiolitis

Runny or congested nose, mild fever, cough that may worsen over several days, wheezing, rapid or labored breathing, flaring of the nostrils or visible chest retractions with breathing, difficulty feeding due to breathing difficulty, irritability, in severe cases, bluish discoloration of the lips or skin

Treatment & Types of Bronchiolitis in Writers Building, Kolkata, West Bengal

Most cases are managed with supportive care at home, including keeping the child hydrated, using saline nasal drops and gentle suction to relieve nasal congestion, and monitoring breathing closely. Fever can be managed with appropriate fever-reducing medication. More severe cases with significant breathing difficulty or poor feeding may require hospitalization for supplemental oxygen, intravenous fluids, and closer monitoring, though antibiotics are not effective since the cause is viral.

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