Spinal Cord Compression

Spinal cord compression occurs when pressure is applied to the spinal cord from a nearby structure, such as a herniated disc, bone spur, tumour, infection, or traumatic injury, disrupting the normal transmission of nerve signals between the brain and the rest of the body. It can develop gradually, as with degenerative spinal conditions, or suddenly, as with trauma or an expanding tumour, and the resulting neurological damage can become permanent if not treated promptly. The severity and pattern of symptoms depend on the exact level and degree of compression along the spinal cord. It is considered a neurosurgical emergency when it develops or worsens rapidly.

The most common symptoms include: Progressive weakness or numbness in the arms or legs; pain in the neck or back that may radiate; difficulty walking or loss of coordination; loss of bladder or bowel control. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Spinal Cord Compression is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Emergency cases; particularly from trauma or rapidly progressive tumour compression; require urgent surgical decompression to relieve pressure on the spinal cord and prevent permanent damage. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Neurosurgery specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Spinal Cord Compression cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Prompt treatment of degenerative spine conditions before severe compression develops; appropriate protective measures during high-risk activities to prevent spinal trauma; regular monitoring in cancer patients at risk of spinal metastasis.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of Spinal Cord Compression. This is a serious condition — go to the emergency room or call 112 if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.