Sjogren's Syndrome

Sjogren's Syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disorder in which the immune system attacks the body's moisture-producing glands, most notably the salivary and tear glands, resulting in persistent dryness of the mouth and eyes. It can occur alone (primary) or alongside other autoimmune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis or lupus (secondary). Beyond glandular dryness, the condition can also affect the skin, joints, lungs, kidneys, and nervous system. It predominantly affects women, typically appearing after age 40.

The most common symptoms include: Persistent dry eyes with a gritty sensation; dry mouth and difficulty swallowing; joint pain and stiffness; fatigue. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Sjogren's Syndrome is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Treatment focuses on symptom relief with artificial tears and saliva substitutes for dryness; along with medications like pilocarpine to stimulate gland secretion. Immunosuppressive therapy or hydroxychloroquine may be used for systemic complications; and regular dental and eye care is important to prevent secondary damage.. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Rheumatology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Sjogren's Syndrome cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: No known prevention; but regular eye and dental checkups; staying hydrated.

Consult a Rheumatology specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.