Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Respiratory distress syndrome is a breathing disorder that primarily affects premature newborns whose lungs have not yet produced enough surfactant, a substance that helps keep the tiny air sacs in the lungs open and prevents them from collapsing. Without adequate surfactant, the lungs struggle to expand properly, making breathing extremely difficult and reducing the amount of oxygen that can reach the bloodstream. The condition typically becomes apparent within minutes to hours after birth and its severity generally correlates with how premature the infant is, with earlier gestational age carrying higher risk.

The most common symptoms include: Rapid; labored breathing shortly after birth; grunting sounds with each breath; flaring of the nostrils. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Respiratory Distress Syndrome is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Treatment includes administering surfactant replacement therapy directly into the infant's lungs; which significantly improves lung function and survival. Respiratory support ranging from supplemental oxygen and continuous positive airway pressure to mechanical ventilation is provided based on severity; along with careful temperature regulation and nutritional support in a neonatal intensive care unit. Antenatal corticosteroids given to mothers at risk of preterm delivery help accelerate fetal lung maturity and reduce the severity of the condition.. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Neonatology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Respiratory Distress Syndrome cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Administering corticosteroid injections to mothers at risk of preterm delivery to accelerate fetal lung maturation; appropriate management of pregnancies at risk for premature birth; avoiding unnecessary early elective cesarean delivery before lung maturity is confirmed.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of Respiratory Distress Syndrome. This is a serious condition — go to the emergency room or call 112 if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.