Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event such as violence, an accident, natural disaster, or combat. It is characterized by intrusive re-experiencing of the trauma, avoidance of trauma-related reminders, negative changes in mood and thinking, and heightened arousal or reactivity that persist for more than a month after the event. Symptoms can significantly disrupt daily functioning, relationships, and quality of life if left untreated. Not everyone who experiences trauma develops PTSD, and the risk depends on the nature of the trauma along with individual and environmental factors.

The most common symptoms include: Intrusive memories or flashbacks of the traumatic event; distressing nightmares; avoidance of reminders of the trauma; negative changes in thoughts and mood. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Trauma-focused psychotherapies such as cognitive processing therapy and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) are highly effective first-line treatments. Medications; particularly SSRIs; can help manage associated symptoms of depression and anxiety. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Psychiatry specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Early psychological support and intervention after a traumatic event; building strong social support networks; addressing risk factors like prior trauma history.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. This is a serious condition — go to the emergency room or call 112 if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.