Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, resulting from the gradual breakdown of protective cartilage that cushions the ends of bones within joints. As cartilage wears away, bones begin to rub against each other, causing pain, stiffness, and reduced mobility, most often in the knees, hips, hands, and spine. Unlike rheumatoid arthritis, it is a degenerative rather than autoimmune condition and tends to worsen slowly over years. It is closely linked to aging, joint overuse, and mechanical stress on the joints.

The most common symptoms include: Joint pain that worsens with activity; stiffness especially after rest; reduced flexibility; grating or crackling sensation on movement. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Osteoarthritis is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Management focuses on pain relief and preserving function through NSAIDs; topical analgesics; and physical therapy to strengthen surrounding muscles. Weight management significantly reduces joint load. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Rheumatology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Osteoarthritis cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Maintaining a healthy weight; regular low-impact exercise; avoiding repetitive joint strain.

Consult a Rheumatology specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.