Obstructive Sleep Apnoea

Obstructive sleep apnoea is a common sleep disorder in which the muscles supporting the soft tissues of the throat relax excessively during sleep, causing the airway to become partially or completely blocked repeatedly throughout the night. Each obstruction briefly interrupts breathing and lowers blood oxygen levels, prompting the brain to briefly rouse the person to reopen the airway, a cycle that can occur dozens or even hundreds of times per night without the person being fully aware of it. This fragmented, poor-quality sleep leads to significant daytime fatigue and is associated with increased risk of hypertension, heart disease, and stroke if left untreated. The condition is more common in individuals who are overweight, though anatomical factors such as a narrow airway or enlarged tonsils also contribute. Diagnosis typically involves an overnight sleep study, and effective treatments are available to significantly improve symptoms and reduce associated health risks.

The most common symptoms include: Loud; chronic snoring; episodes of stopped breathing during sleep witnessed by a bed partner; gasping or choking during sleep. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Obstructive Sleep Apnoea is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Continuous positive airway pressure therapy; delivered through a mask worn during sleep to keep the airway open; is the most effective and commonly used treatment for moderate to severe cases. Weight loss. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Pulmonology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Obstructive Sleep Apnoea cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Maintaining a healthy body weight; avoiding alcohol and sedatives before bedtime; sleeping on the side rather than the back.

Consult a Pulmonology specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.