Migraine

Migraine is a common neurological condition characterised by recurrent episodes of moderate to severe headache, often accompanied by other symptoms such as nausea and heightened sensitivity to light and sound. It is understood to involve abnormal activity in the brain and changes in blood vessels and nerve signalling, though the exact mechanisms are still being studied. Migraine attacks can be preceded by a distinct phase called aura in some individuals, involving temporary visual disturbances or other sensory changes before the headache itself begins. The condition tends to run in families and is more common in women, with hormonal fluctuations thought to play a role in this gender difference. While migraine cannot currently be cured, a combination of trigger avoidance, acute treatment for individual attacks, and preventive medication for frequent episodes can significantly reduce the frequency and severity of attacks for most people.

The most common symptoms include: Throbbing or pulsing headache often on one side of the head; nausea and vomiting; sensitivity to light and sound; visual disturbances such as flashing lights or blind spots in aura. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Migraine is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Acute attacks are treated with pain-relieving medications; ranging from over-the-counter options for mild episodes to specific migraine medications called triptans for more severe attacks. For individuals with frequent or disabling migraines; preventive daily medications. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Neurology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Migraine cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Identifying and avoiding personal triggers such as specific foods or stress; maintaining regular sleep patterns; staying well hydrated.

Consult a Neurology specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.