Nephrotic Syndrome Specialists in Hingani, Hingoli, Maharashtra

What is Nephrotic Syndrome?

Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterised by significant damage to the tiny filtering units within the kidneys, causing large amounts of protein to leak from the blood into the urine. This protein loss leads to low blood protein levels, which in turn causes fluid to shift out of blood vessels into surrounding tissues, resulting in the characteristic widespread swelling associated with the condition. The syndrome can occur at any age, with certain causes being more common in children and others more typical in adults, and can result from a primary kidney disorder or occur as a complication of a systemic disease such as diabetes or lupus. Along with swelling, the significant protein loss disrupts the body's normal balance of fats and increases susceptibility to infections and blood clots. Treatment addresses both the underlying cause where identifiable and the complications arising from significant protein loss, with many cases, particularly in children, responding well to medication.

Causes of Nephrotic Syndrome

Caused by damage to the kidney's filtering units, either from a primary kidney disease such as minimal change disease or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, or as a complication of a systemic condition such as diabetes, lupus, or amyloidosis. In children, minimal change disease is the most common underlying cause, while in adults, a broader range of primary and secondary causes are seen. Certain infections and medications can also trigger nephrotic syndrome in susceptible individuals.

Symptoms of Nephrotic Syndrome

Significant swelling particularly around the eyes, legs, and abdomen, foamy or frothy urine, unintended weight gain from fluid retention, fatigue, loss of appetite, increased susceptibility to infections, high cholesterol levels found on blood testing

Treatment & Types of Nephrotic Syndrome in Hingani, Hingoli, Maharashtra

Treatment often includes corticosteroids as first-line therapy, particularly effective in minimal change disease common in children, with other immunosuppressive medications used for cases that do not respond adequately. Supportive management includes diuretics to reduce swelling, blood pressure medications that also reduce protein loss, and dietary salt restriction. Treating the underlying systemic condition, when present, such as optimising diabetes control, is essential for cases secondary to another disease.

Nephrotic syndrome is classified by underlying cause as primary, resulting from a kidney-specific disease such as minimal change disease, the most common cause in children, or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, or secondary, occurring as a complication of a systemic disease such as diabetes, lupus, or amyloidosis, which is more common in adults.

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