Lymphoedema

Lymphoedema is chronic swelling that occurs when the lymphatic system, which normally drains excess fluid and proteins from body tissues, is unable to function properly, leading to fluid accumulation most commonly in an arm or leg. It can be primary, resulting from congenital abnormalities of the lymphatic vessels, or secondary, developing after damage to lymph nodes or vessels from surgery, radiation therapy, infection, or trauma. Over time, the persistent swelling can cause the skin and underlying tissue to thicken and harden, increasing the risk of skin infections. It is a common long-term complication following cancer treatment involving lymph node removal.

The most common symptoms include: Persistent swelling of an arm or leg; a feeling of heaviness or tightness in the affected limb; restricted range of motion; thickening or hardening of the skin over time. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Lymphoedema is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: There is no cure; so management focuses on reducing swelling and preventing complications through complete decongestive therapy; which combines manual lymphatic drainage massage. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Vascular Surgery specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Lymphoedema cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Careful skin care and prompt treatment of any cuts or infections in an at-risk limb; gradual and consistent use of compression garments after lymph node surgery; maintaining a healthy body weight.

Consult a Vascular Surgery specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.