Leptospirosis

Leptospirosis is a bacterial infection caused by Leptospira species, which is transmitted to humans through contact with water or soil contaminated by the urine of infected animals, particularly rodents. The disease can range from a mild flu-like illness to a severe, life-threatening condition involving the kidneys, liver, and lungs, known as Weil's disease. Infections often spike after flooding or heavy rainfall when contaminated water sources are more widespread. Early treatment significantly improves outcomes and prevents progression to severe disease.

The most common symptoms include: High fever; severe headache; muscle aches especially in the calves; red eyes. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Leptospirosis is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Mild cases are treated with oral antibiotics such as doxycycline; while severe cases require hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics like penicillin along with supportive care for organ complications such as dialysis for kidney failure. Early antibiotic treatment significantly reduces the severity and duration of illness.. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Infectious Diseases specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Leptospirosis cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Avoiding contact with potentially contaminated floodwater; wearing protective footwear and clothing in high-risk areas; rodent control.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of Leptospirosis. This is a serious condition — go to the emergency room or call 112 if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.