Abnormal Uterine Bleeding Specialists in Mandya, Karnataka

What is Abnormal Uterine Bleeding?

Abnormal uterine bleeding refers to any menstrual bleeding that differs from a woman's normal pattern in terms of frequency, duration, regularity, or volume, including bleeding that is unusually heavy, prolonged, irregular, or occurs between periods or after menopause. It can occur at any age from adolescence through the menopausal transition and has a wide range of underlying causes, from hormonal imbalances and benign growths like fibroids or polyps to, less commonly, pre-cancerous or cancerous changes in the uterine lining. Because the underlying causes vary widely by age and clinical context, thorough evaluation is important to guide appropriate treatment.

Causes of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Common causes include hormonal imbalances related to conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome or thyroid dysfunction, structural abnormalities like uterine fibroids or polyps, and, particularly around menopause, thinning or thickening of the uterine lining. Other causes include bleeding disorders, certain medications including blood thinners, and, less commonly, endometrial hyperplasia or cancer. Adolescents often experience abnormal bleeding due to an immature hormonal axis, while perimenopausal women experience it due to fluctuating hormone levels.

Symptoms of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding

Menstrual periods that are heavier or longer than usual, bleeding or spotting between periods, menstrual cycles shorter than 21 days or longer than 35 days, bleeding after menopause, passing large blood clots, fatigue or symptoms of anemia from significant blood loss, pelvic pain or pressure in some underlying conditions

Treatment & Types of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding in Mandya, Karnataka

Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may include hormonal therapy such as birth control pills or a hormonal intrauterine device to regulate bleeding, and iron supplementation to address associated anemia. Structural causes like fibroids or polyps may require surgical removal, while endometrial ablation or, in select cases, hysterectomy are considered for persistent or severe bleeding unresponsive to other treatments. Any suspicious findings on evaluation warrant prompt further investigation to rule out precancerous or cancerous change.

Abnormal uterine bleeding is classified using the PALM-COEIN system, which separates structural causes (polyps, adenomyosis, fibroids, or malignancy/hyperplasia) from non-structural causes (coagulation disorders, ovulatory dysfunction, endometrial causes, iatrogenic causes from medications or devices, and cases not otherwise classified). Clinically it is also grouped by bleeding pattern, such as heavy menstrual bleeding, intermenstrual bleeding, and postmenopausal bleeding, since each pattern points toward different likely causes.

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