Ischaemic Stroke

Ischaemic stroke is the most common type of stroke, occurring when a blood clot or other obstruction blocks blood flow to part of the brain, depriving brain tissue of oxygen and nutrients. Without prompt restoration of blood flow, the affected brain cells begin to die within minutes, making rapid recognition and treatment critical to minimising permanent damage, a principle often summarised as "time is brain." The blockage can result from a clot that forms directly within a narrowed brain artery, or from a clot that forms elsewhere in the body, often the heart, and travels to lodge in a brain artery. The specific symptoms and their severity depend on which part of the brain is affected and how much tissue is damaged before blood flow is restored. Emergency treatment within a critical time window can significantly limit brain damage and improve recovery, making immediate medical attention for any sudden stroke symptoms essential.

The most common symptoms include: Sudden weakness or numbness on one side of the face; arm; or leg; sudden difficulty speaking or understanding speech. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Ischaemic Stroke is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Emergency treatment within a critical time window includes clot-dissolving thrombolytic medication or a procedure to mechanically remove the clot; both aimed at rapidly restoring blood flow to the affected brain tissue. Following the acute phase; treatment focuses on preventing further strokes through antiplatelet or anticoagulant medication. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Neurology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Ischaemic Stroke cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Managing blood pressure; cholesterol; and blood sugar levels.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of Ischaemic Stroke. This is a serious condition — go to the emergency room or call 112 if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.