Haemophilia

Haemophilia is a rare inherited bleeding disorder in which the blood does not clot properly due to a deficiency in specific clotting factor proteins, most commonly factor VIII or IX. This deficiency causes prolonged or excessive bleeding after injuries, surgery, or sometimes spontaneously into joints and muscles. It is an X-linked genetic condition, meaning it predominantly affects males while females are typically carriers. Severity varies based on how much clotting factor activity remains in the blood.

The most common symptoms include: Prolonged bleeding after cuts or surgery; easy and excessive bruising; spontaneous bleeding into joints causing pain and swelling; blood in urine or stool. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Haemophilia is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Treatment centers on replacement therapy with concentrated clotting factor infused intravenously to prevent or control bleeding episodes; often given prophylactically in severe cases. Newer non-factor therapies and gene therapy are emerging options; alongside careful avoidance of medications that increase bleeding risk like aspirin and NSAIDs.. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Hematology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Haemophilia cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Genetic counseling for at-risk families; prenatal testing; avoiding activities with high injury risk.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of Haemophilia. This is a serious condition — go to the emergency room or call 112 if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.