Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetes-related complication in which chronically high blood sugar levels damage the tiny blood vessels of the retina, the light-sensitive tissue lining the back of the eye. Over time these damaged vessels can leak fluid or blood, become blocked entirely, or trigger the growth of abnormal fragile new vessels, all of which distort or destroy central and peripheral vision. It is one of the most common complications of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes and a leading cause of blindness among working-age adults. Risk and severity increase with the duration of diabetes and how well blood sugar has been controlled over time.

The most common symptoms include: blurred or fluctuating vision; dark spots or floaters appearing in vision; difficulty seeing at night; impaired color vision. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Diabetic Retinopathy is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Tight control of blood sugar; blood pressure; and cholesterol is the foundation of slowing disease progression. Depending on severity. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Ophthalmology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Diabetic Retinopathy cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: maintaining tight blood sugar control with regular HbA1c monitoring; controlling blood pressure and cholesterol; annual dilated eye examinations for all people with diabetes.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of Diabetic Retinopathy. This is a serious condition — go to the emergency room or call 112 if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.