Polycystic Kidney Disease Specialists in CVD, Delhi

What is Polycystic Kidney Disease?

Polycystic kidney disease is an inherited disorder in which numerous fluid-filled cysts develop within the kidneys, gradually enlarging them and progressively impairing their ability to function normally. The condition is caused by specific genetic mutations passed down within families, with the more common form typically not causing significant symptoms until adulthood, while a rarer, more severe form can affect infants and young children. As the cysts grow in number and size over the years, they gradually replace healthy kidney tissue, and by mid-to-late adulthood many affected individuals progress to chronic kidney disease and eventually kidney failure. Beyond the kidneys, the condition can also cause cysts to develop in other organs such as the liver, and is associated with an increased risk of certain complications such as brain aneurysms. While there is no cure, treatment can slow cyst growth and manage complications, and genetic counselling is valuable for affected families.

Causes of Polycystic Kidney Disease

Caused by inherited genetic mutations affecting proteins involved in normal kidney tubule development, most commonly following an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern in which a child of an affected parent has a fifty percent chance of inheriting the condition. A less common, more severe form follows a different inheritance pattern and typically presents in infancy. The specific genetic mutation influences the rate of disease progression and the age at which kidney failure may eventually develop.

Symptoms of Polycystic Kidney Disease

Pain or discomfort in the back or sides, high blood pressure, blood in the urine, frequent urinary tract infections, an enlarged abdomen from enlarged kidneys, headaches, kidney stones, symptoms of declining kidney function as the disease progresses

Treatment & Types of Polycystic Kidney Disease in CVD, Delhi

Treatment focuses on slowing cyst growth and disease progression using a specific medication that reduces fluid secretion into the cysts, alongside careful blood pressure control to protect remaining kidney function. Managing complications such as urinary tract infections, kidney stones, and pain is an important part of ongoing care. As kidney function declines, patients are monitored closely and eventually may require dialysis or kidney transplantation when kidney failure develops.

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