Gynaecomastia Specialists in Govt Press Chandigarh, Chandigarh

What is Gynaecomastia?

Gynaecomastia is the enlargement of breast tissue in males, resulting from an imbalance between estrogen and testosterone that causes glandular breast tissue to grow. It can occur at any age but is particularly common during infancy, puberty, and older adulthood, periods marked by significant hormonal fluctuation, and often resolves on its own in adolescents. While generally not medically dangerous, it can cause significant psychological distress and self-consciousness, particularly in teenage boys, and in some cases signals an underlying hormonal or medical condition that warrants evaluation.

Causes of Gynaecomastia

Results from a relative excess of estrogen compared to testosterone, which can occur naturally during hormonal shifts in infancy, puberty, and aging, or secondary to conditions such as liver disease, kidney failure, hyperthyroidism, or testicular tumours. Certain medications, including some used for prostate conditions, anti-anxiety drugs, and anabolic steroids, as well as alcohol and marijuana use, are also recognized contributors.

Symptoms of Gynaecomastia

Enlarged, swollen breast tissue in males, tenderness or sensitivity in the breast area, a rubbery or firm mass beneath the nipple, breast tissue that may be present on one or both sides, in some cases nipple discharge, which warrants further evaluation to rule out other causes

Treatment & Types of Gynaecomastia in Govt Press Chandigarh, Chandigarh

In adolescents, gynaecomastia often resolves spontaneously within one to two years and may only require monitoring and reassurance. When it persists, causes significant symptoms, or has an identifiable treatable cause, addressing the underlying condition or discontinuing the causative medication can help. Persistent or severe cases, particularly in adults, are treated with surgical removal of the excess glandular tissue through liposuction or direct excision.

Gynaecomastia is classified by timing of onset into neonatal, from maternal hormone exposure and resolving quickly, pubertal, the most common form, often resolving within one to two years, and adult-onset, which is more likely to be persistent and linked to an underlying medical condition or medication. It is also graded by the amount and character of breast tissue present, ranging from mild glandular enlargement to more significant breast development with excess skin, which influences whether medical or surgical treatment is more appropriate.

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