Bunion

A bunion is a bony bump that forms at the base of the big toe joint, developing when the big toe gradually shifts and angles inward toward the second toe, causing the joint at its base to protrude outward. Over time this misalignment causes the joint to become enlarged, inflamed, and increasingly prominent, and the ongoing pressure from footwear against the protruding joint often leads to pain, thickened skin, and progressive deformity if untreated. Bunions tend to worsen gradually over years, and while genetics play a significant role in an individual's susceptibility, footwear choices can accelerate their development and worsen associated symptoms. A smaller similar bump can also develop at the base of the little toe, known as a bunionette.

The most common symptoms include: a bony bump at the base of the big toe; pain and tenderness over the joint especially in tight shoes; redness and swelling around the affected joint; thickened skin or a callus at the site of friction. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Bunion is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Conservative management; including wearing wide; supportive shoes with a roomy toe box. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Podiatry specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Bunion cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: wearing properly fitted shoes with adequate width and a roomy toe box; avoiding high heels and narrow; pointed footwear for prolonged periods.

Consult a Podiatry specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.