Bladder Cancer

Bladder cancer is a malignancy that begins in the cells lining the bladder, most commonly the urothelial cells that line the inside of the urinary tract. It typically presents with blood in the urine, which may be visible or detected only on laboratory testing, and can range from superficial tumours confined to the bladder lining to more aggressive cancers that invade the muscle wall and spread to other organs. It is more common in older adults and has a strong association with tobacco use, which is the single largest risk factor. Early detection through prompt evaluation of blood in the urine significantly improves treatment outcomes.

The most common symptoms include: Blood in the urine; often painless; frequent urination; pain or burning during urination. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Bladder Cancer is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Treatment depends on the stage and grade of the tumour; ranging from transurethral resection of superficial tumours followed by intravesical therapy with immunotherapy or chemotherapy instilled directly into the bladder; to more extensive surgery such as partial or complete bladder removal for muscle-invasive disease. Systemic chemotherapy. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Urology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Bladder Cancer cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Avoiding tobacco use in all forms; minimizing occupational exposure to industrial chemicals through proper protective equipment; staying well hydrated to dilute potential bladder irritants.

Seek immediate medical attention if you experience symptoms of Bladder Cancer. This is a serious condition — go to the emergency room or call 112 if symptoms are severe or rapidly worsening.