Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of irregular heart rhythm, or arrhythmia, in which the heart's upper chambers beat chaotically and out of coordination with the lower chambers. This irregular electrical activity prevents the atria from contracting effectively, which can allow blood to pool and form clots that increase the risk of stroke. The condition may occur in brief episodes that come and go, known as paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, or become persistent or permanent over time. Many people with atrial fibrillation notice palpitations or an irregular pulse, though some cases are entirely asymptomatic and discovered only during a routine examination or ECG. Management focuses both on controlling the heart rhythm or rate and on reducing stroke risk through blood-thinning medication.

The most common symptoms include: Palpitations or a fluttering sensation in the chest; irregular or rapid pulse; fatigue; shortness of breath. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

No, Atrial Fibrillation is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

Treatment options include: Treatment includes medications to control heart rate such as beta-blockers or calcium channel blockers; and in some cases antiarrhythmic drugs or a procedure called cardioversion to restore normal rhythm. Blood-thinning medication is typically prescribed to reduce the risk of stroke based on individual risk factors. Catheter ablation; a procedure that targets the abnormal electrical pathways. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Cardiology specialist. Do not self-medicate.

While Atrial Fibrillation cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Managing blood pressure and underlying heart conditions; limiting alcohol consumption; maintaining a healthy weight.

Consult a Cardiology specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.