Thyroid Nodule Specialists in Karnataka

Treatment & Types of Thyroid Nodule in Karnataka

Evaluation typically includes thyroid ultrasound, thyroid function blood tests, and fine-needle aspiration biopsy for nodules with suspicious features to determine whether they are benign or malignant. Benign nodules are often simply monitored with periodic ultrasound, while nodules that are large, growing, or biopsy-confirmed to be cancerous are surgically removed, sometimes along with the entire thyroid gland. Radioactive iodine or thyroid hormone suppression therapy may be used in select cases.

Thyroid nodules are classified as benign, arising from colloid accumulation, cysts, or benign adenomas, which make up the vast majority of nodules, versus malignant, representing thyroid cancer in a small percentage of cases. They are also described as functioning (or 'hot') nodules, which produce excess thyroid hormone and can cause symptoms like weight change or palpitations, versus non-functioning (or 'cold') nodules, which don't affect hormone levels but carry a somewhat higher relative likelihood of malignancy and typically prompt biopsy when suspicious features are present.