Lymphoedema is chronic swelling that occurs when the lymphatic system, which normally drains excess fluid and proteins from body tissues, is unable to function properly, leading to fluid accumulation most commonly in an arm or leg. It can be primary, resulting from congenital abnormalities of the lymphatic vessels, or secondary, developing after damage to lymph nodes or vessels from surgery, radiation therapy, infection, or trauma. Over time, the persistent swelling can cause the skin and underlying tissue to thicken and harden, increasing the risk of skin infections. It is a common long-term complication following cancer treatment involving lymph node removal.

What are the main symptoms of Lymphoedema?

The most common symptoms include: Persistent swelling of an arm or leg; a feeling of heaviness or tightness in the affected limb; restricted range of motion; thickening or hardening of the skin over time. Early recognition is key to prompt diagnosis and effective treatment.

Is Lymphoedema contagious?

No, Lymphoedema is not contagious. It cannot spread through casual contact. However, certain risk factors and genetic predispositions may increase susceptibility.

How is Lymphoedema treated?

Treatment options include: There is no cure; so management focuses on reducing swelling and preventing complications through complete decongestive therapy; which combines manual lymphatic drainage massage. Treatment should always be guided by a qualified Vascular Surgery specialist. Do not self-medicate.

Can Lymphoedema be prevented?

While Lymphoedema cannot always be fully prevented, several measures can reduce risk: Careful skin care and prompt treatment of any cuts or infections in an at-risk limb; gradual and consistent use of compression garments after lymph node surgery; maintaining a healthy body weight.

When should I see a doctor for Lymphoedema?

Consult a Vascular Surgery specialist if symptoms persist for more than a few days, worsen despite home care, or significantly affect your daily activities. Early diagnosis leads to better outcomes.

All Diseases/Lymphoedema

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General & SystemicModerate

Lymphoedema

Vascular Surgery · General & Systemic

Moderate

Severity

Uncommon overall but affects a substantial proportion of patients after lymph node removal for cancer treatment

Prevalence

Contagious

Vascular Surgery

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Warning Signs — When to Seek Immediate Help

Sudden severe worsening of Lymphoedema symptoms not responding to prescribed treatment
Difficulty breathing, chest tightness, or rapid heartbeat associated with Lymphoedema
High fever (above 39 °C / 102 °F) that does not improve with medication after 24 hours
Confusion, altered consciousness, severe weakness, or inability to stand or speak clearly
Signs of rapidly spreading infection — increasing redness, swelling, or skin changes
Symptoms occurring in infants, elderly (65+), pregnant women, or immunocompromised individuals
No improvement after 48–72 hours of prescribed Lymphoedema treatment
New or different symptoms suggesting spread to other organ systems

More About Lymphoedema

About the Lymphoedema Common Symptoms of Lymphoedema Causes & Risk Factors of Lymphoedema How Doctors Diagnose Lymphoedema Treatment Options for Lymphoedema Lymphoedema Prevention Lymphoedema Progression Lymphoedema Treatment Cost Frequently Asked Questions About Lymphoedema Ask a Question About Lymphoedema Conditions Related to Lymphoedema

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